Ever hiked the Stawamus Chief and wondered about the “7” in S岣祑x瘫wú7mesh? Or stood by the Mamquam River, curious about how to pronounce its name? In Squamish, the names of rivers, mountains, and trails carry more than just geographical meaning—they reflect the deep history, identity, and culture of the S岣祑x瘫wú7mesh Úxwumixw (麻豆社国产Nation).
According to , even “Squamish” is an English adaptation of S岣祑x瘫wú7mesh, which loosely translates to “mother of the wind” and “people of the sacred water.” For years, the S岣祑x瘫wú7mesh Nation has lived on these lands, and today, their place names remain powerful reminders of their connection to the region.
What’s in a name? A deeper look into 麻豆社国产landmarks
Let’s explore the stories and meanings behind some key landmarks and learn how to say them the right way.
Xwáw虛chayay (Porteau Cove)
*To pronounce the "xw" sound in S岣祑x瘫wú7mesh sníchim, position your tongue as if preparing to make a "k" sound, but instead, let out a soft, hissing breath. This creates a "hwah" effect.
“The relationship between people and this area dates back thousands of years, rooted in a time when humans and animals could communicate as a family. The cove is deeply connected to the ancestors who fished and lived in the area,” said Matthew Van Oostdam in a post on its website, highlighting the Indigenous teachings connected to Xwáw虛chayay.
Nch’岣礱y虛 (Mount Garibaldi)
According to, the Nation has long referred to the mountain as “Nch’k瘫ay虛.” The name, meaning "dirty place" or "grimy one," reflects the muddy appearance of the Cheekye River. This discoloration occurs due to volcanic debris that impacts the water and surrounding landscape. S岣祑x瘫wú7mesh
This sacred mountain is central to oral history and cultural practices. According to S岣祑x瘫wú7mesh stories, Nch’岣礱y虛 played a critical role during a great flood. As waters rose, the S岣祑x瘫wú7mesh people tethered their canoes to the mountain’s summit with ropes made from cedar trees, waiting for the flood to recede.
The mountain is linked to Xwech’tál, a hero who trained on its slopes to defeat a serpent that once threatened the region.
Siy虛ám虛 Smánit (Stawamus Chief)
According to the and S岣祑x瘫wú7mesh teachings, the mountain was once thought of as a longhouse, transformed into stone by the Xáays (Transformer Brothers). The cleft along the cliff’s face is said to be a scar left by Sínulhka, a giant two-headed sea serpent, whose corrosive skin marked the rock as it slithered across.
If you look closely, you can spot outlines of animals and people on its surface, captured mid-celebration when the change happened. A dark vertical line along the cliff marks the path of Sínulhka, the giant two-headed sea serpent, whose corrosive skin left a permanent trail as it moved across the rock.
Ch'iyákmesh (Cheakamus)
Pronunciation: ch-ee-yahk-mesh
In a by S岣祑x瘫wú7mesh Nation member Aaron William, viewers can explore the meaning behind the name Ch'iyákmesh.
“Ch'iyák means fish weir, and the ‘mesh’ is a suffix meaning people. So, Ch'iyákmesh translates to ‘people of the fish weir,” said William.
The video, available on YouTube, offers an engaging introduction to pronouncing 麻豆社国产place names and understanding the stories behind them
Revitalizing the 麻豆社国产language: S岣祑x瘫wú7mesh sníchim
The 麻豆社国产language, S岣祑x瘫wú7mesh sníchim, was traditionally oral with no formal writing system until 1990.
According to, by 2010, the language was considered critically endangered, with only about 10 fluent speakers left.
However, through significant efforts by the Nation, that number has grown to nearly 100 fluent speakers today, with more learners joining every day.
Every name in 麻豆社国产holds a deeper meaning—connecting people to the land, the water, and the animals that live here.
The S岣祑x瘫wú7mesh Nation is leading efforts to preserve their language and heritage.
Note: All the pronunciations have been derived from . If you see an error, please reach out to [email protected].
Bhagyashree Chatterjee is The 麻豆社国产’s Indigenous affairs reporter. This reporting beat is made possible by the .
